Soluble form of an HLA-B7 class I antigen specifically suppresses humoral alloimmunization

A soluble HLA-B7 molecule, designated sB7 and generated by genetically engineering the B7 gene to remove the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains, was tested as a tolerogen. Supernatants from cultures of C1R cells transfected with the gene for sB7 were harvested and concentrated, as were control supernatants. From days −17 to −1, C57B1/6 mice were pretreated with a total of 11 intraperitoneal doses of 1.0 μg each of sB7 or appropriate control supernatant, and then were challenged intraperitoneally on each of days 0, 7, and 14 with 10 6 C1R-B7 cells (expressing surface HLA-B7). Antibody kinetics revealed (1) anti-B7 was not induced after sB7 pretreatment; (2) the anti-B7 response of sB7-pretreated mice was marginal and of apparent low avidity compared with the brisk anti-B7 response of control mice; (3) none of the mice made antibody to a control HLA antigen, A24; (4) all mice made strong antibody responses to the non-B7 surface antigens of C1R; (5) free sB7 did not appear in the blood of the treated mice; and (6) all mice appeared to be generally healthy. These data show soluble B7 antigen is not immunogenic and appears to specifically block humoral immune response to cell membrane-bound HLA-B7 in a nontoxic manner. Human Immunology 40, 228–234 (1994)