Life-threatening arterial haemorrhage: Results of treatment by transcatheter embolization using home-made steel coils

Major arterial haemorrhage can be fatal. Its management by percutaneous embolization using commercially available embolizing agents is well established. We describe the use of home-made steel coils in the treatment of five patients. These coils were designed during the procedure in order to conform to the dimension of the bleeding artery. The group included two patients with life-threatening haemoptysis after surgical correction for tetralogy of Fallot; one patient each with exsanguinating haemorrhage from a branch of the left profunda femoral artery following violent trauma; massive haematuria due to an inoperable hypernephroma; and haemoptysis due to post-tubercular bronchiectasis. The bleeding vessel was evaluated by selective angiography in each patient. After assessing its length and diameter, steel coils of desired dimensions were made by utilizing a conventional 0.032-in wide guidewire and these were released into the bleeding artery. Occlusion of the bleeding vessel was obtained in all patients, without complication. Fabrication of coils of desired length and diameter can be done within a few minutes during the procedure. These coils provide an effective method of treating life-threatening arterial haemorrhage in selected cases.