Apparent velocity of ultrasound (AVU) at the patella in comparison to bone mineral density at the lumbar spine in normal males and females

It has been reported that apparent velocity of ultrasound (AVU) at the patella discriminates as well between osteoporotic and normal subjects as measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) using dual photon absorptiometry. To investigate the relationship between AVU and peak bone mass, we compared AVU (Signet™, Osteo-Technology, Framingham, MA) at the patella and BMD (QDR 1000™, Hologic, Waltham, MA) at the lumbar spine in a large sample of healthy males and females. The study population consisted of 153 males (aged 20–60 years) and 129 premenopausal females (aged 20–52 years). Vertebral BMD showed no significant difference between males and females (1.03 ± 0.16 g/cm 2 for males vs. 1.07 ± 0.14 g/cm 2 for females, NS), while AVU values were significantly higher in males compared with females (1967 ± 64 m/s vs. 1938 ± 76 m/s, P < 0.05). In men there was a significant decrease in BMD with aging ( r = −0.27, P < 0.05), in premenopausal females we found no age-related change in BMD. Similarly in males AVU decreased significantly with age ( r = −0.2, P < 0.05), whereas in females AVU values showed relative stability over the age range. There was a significant correlation between AVU and BMD ( r = 0.36 for males, r = 0.34 for females, P < 0.05). Our study demonstrates only a weak correlation between AVU at that patella and BMD at the lumbar spine, supporting the view that AVU not only reflects bone quantity but possibly also qualitative properties of bone structure. The sex difference in AVU but not in BMD suggests that the trabecular bone at the patella differs significantly from axial trabecular bone. The identical peak BMD at the lumbar spine for young males and females underscores the importance of the menopause for later manifestation of vertebral fractures.