Osteoclast function and its control
Bone resorption appears to be dependent on a range of processes. It requires an adequate number of osteoclasts to access bone mineral. These osteoclasts must be activated by a mechanism which is dependent upon prior osteoblastic stimulation. A range of factors then contribute to the formation of a f...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Experimental physiology 1993-11, Vol.78 (6), p.721-739 |
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Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Bone resorption appears to be dependent on a range of processes. It requires an adequate number of osteoclasts to access bone
mineral. These osteoclasts must be activated by a mechanism which is dependent upon prior osteoblastic stimulation. A range
of factors then contribute to the formation of a functionally effective resorptive hemivacuole. These entail osteoclast adhesion
to the bone surface leading to the formation of a sealing zone. Only then can subsequent processes such as H+ ion transport,
enzyme secretion and matrix digestion become effective. Thus, any one process is potentially limiting to resorption and is
a potential target for regulation. Long-range regulation takes place through the action of hormones, of which the mode of
action of calcitonin has been the subject of recent investigations in isolated osteoclasts. Such studies have shown a possible
involvement of distinguishable receptor subtypes, the occupancy of which may activate at least two types of triggering mechanism.
It is likely that an eventual influence on motility properties through G protein mediation accounts for the actions of this
hormone and of related peptides such as amylin and CGRP at the cellular level. Similar pathways may contribute to shorter
range modulation of osteoclast activity by increases in ambient Ca2+. Finally, there is recent evidence for a contribution
of endothelial cell-derived product to osteoclast regulation. |
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ISSN: | 0958-0670 1469-445X |
DOI: | 10.1113/expphysiol.1993.sp003721 |