Comparison of Left Ventricular Mass and Geometry in Black and White Patients With Essential Hypertension

To assess racial difference in cardiac responses to elevated blood pressure, we compared echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular (LV) mass and the wall thickness to chamber dimension ratio (relative wall thickness) in 380 white and 47 black patients with uncomplicated essential hypertension consecutively enrolled in echocardiographic research studies at The New York Hospital Hypertension Center. Diastolic blood pressure and weight were slightly greater in black as compared with white subjects (104 ± 18 ν 98 ± 11 mm Hg; P = .014 and 82 ± 17 ν 77 ± 15 kg; P = .037, respectively), however the groups were similar with respect to age, duration of hypertension, cholesterol level, cigarette smoking, past use of antihypertensive therapy, family history of heart disease, and height. On average, LV mass indexed for body surface area and relative wall thickness were significantly greater in blacks than whites (119 ν 105 g/m2; P = .02 and 0.46 ν 0.39; P = .003) and blacks had twice the prevalence of LV hypertrophy (41% ν 19%; P < .001) or concentric remodeling (21% ν 12%; P