An additional marker for familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

BACKGROUNDFamily screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy using conventional techniques yields some equivocal cases. Although mutations in the β-cardiac myosin heavy-chain gene (MYH7) have been demonstrated in some patients, additional diagnostic methods are desirable to clarify the equivocal cases until the full genetic spectrum is characterized. Because coronary flow reserve is reduced in patients with typical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy independent of the severity of left ventricular hypertrophy, this measurement may help to identify patients with equivocal features of the disease. METHODSCoronary flow reserve was measured in two subjectsone with a MYH7 mutation but without typical diagnostic features of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and one with borderline left ventricular hypertrophy but no mutation in the MYH7 gene. Both subjects underwent screening for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy because of a family history of the disease. Positron-emission tomography was performed to measure myocardial blood flow (MBF) with oxygen-15 labeled water. MBF was measured at baseline and during coronary vasodilatation obtained by intravenous dipyridamole (0.56 mg/kg body weight infused over 4 minutes). Coronary flow reserve was expressed as the ratio MBF-dipyridamole/MBF-baseline. RESULTSCoronary flow reserve was 1.69 and 1.12 in the two subjects. Both of these values are 2 SD below that (3.87 ± 1.08) measured in 17 normal subjects using the same method. CONCLUSIONSNoninvasive quantification of coronary flow reserve by positron-emission tomography may have a role in identifying patients with equivocal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and should be further explored.