Comparative efficacy of n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in modulating ventricular fibrillation threshold in marmoset monkeys

Programmed electrical stimulation in anesthetized marmoset monkeys was used to examine relative antiarrhythmic efficacies of dietary n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from fish and plant oils. Diets contained 31% of energy (en%) as fat, comprising 15 en% saturated fat and 7 en% PUFAs, obtained by blending sheep fat with sunflower seed (SF/ SSO) or fish oil (SF/FO) and a base diet. After 16-wk feeding, ventricular fibrillation (VF) was inducible in 6 of 10 animals on each diet under control conditions. The VF threshold (VFT) was significantly elevated in the SF/FO group (33.3 ±3.1 mA; n = 6) compared with the SF/SSO group (14.3 ± 4.9 mA; n = 6). VFT, reduced during acute myocardial ischemia with 10 of 10 animals inducible per diet, remained significantly higher with SF/ FO feeding. The SF/FO diet contained 3.8 en% as n−3 PUFAs, which was incorporated as 31% of myocardial membrane fatty acids. Dietary n−3 PUFA reduced vulnerability of normal or ischemic myocardium to arrhythmias in a nonhuman primate.