Transmission from One Child to Another of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 with a Zidovudine-Resistance Mutation

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is transmitted most often by one of three routes: sexual, percutaneous (through intravenous drug use and formerly through blood transfusion or the administration of clotting factors), and perinatal 1 . Although rare cases of direct transmission between children living in the same household have been reported, 2 , 3 several studies demonstrate that household contact is unlikely to lead to the transmission of HIV-1 1 , 4 – 8 . We report molecular and epidemiologic evidence of such transmission between two young children, which apparently occurred in the home. Because the child thought to have transmitted the virus had received . . .