C-peptide, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in umbilical cord serum: Correlations with birth weight
Objective: Our purpose was to determine the correlation between birth weight and hormones or growth factors believed to be involved in fetal growth: insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1. Study Design: Five hundred thirty-eight cord serum sam...
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Veröffentlicht in: | American journal of obstetrics and gynecology 1993-07, Vol.169 (1), p.89-97 |
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Zusammenfassung: | Objective: Our purpose was to determine the correlation between birth weight and hormones or growth factors believed to be involved in fetal growth: insulin, insulin-like growth factors I and II, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1.
Study Design: Five hundred thirty-eight cord serum samples were analyzed for insulin-like growth factor-l, insulin-like growth factor-ll, C-peptide, and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 by immunoassay. Samples included all gestational ages in the third trimester and a large range of birth weights.
Results: Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-l concentrations increased until 39 weeks (+84% from 28 to 29 weeks), followed by a 21% decline at 41 weeks. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were decreased by 40% in small-for-gestational-age (< 10th percentile) newborns and were increased by 28% in large-for-gestational-age (>90th percentile) newborns in the absence of diabetes. Insulin-like growth factor-I levels were best correlated with birth weight (
R = 0.48,
p < 0.001). Cord serum insulin-like growth factor-II concentrations were sixfold to tenfold higher than those of insulin-like growth factor-I and were 8% to 10% (
p < 0.001) higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-weight and small-for-gestational-age newborns. Cord serum C-peptide concentrations were 28% and 34% higher in large-for-gestational-age than in average-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age newborns, respectively. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 levels were increased in preterm average-for-gestational-age and in term small-for-gestational-age newborns compared with term average-for-gestational-age newborns and showed a negative correlation with birth weight (
R = − 0.43,
n = 131,
p < 0.001). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 was not correlated with C-peptide concentrations.
Conclusions: Insulin-like growth factors I and II and insulin are all related to fetal growth and weight gain, and insulin-like growth factor-l correlates best with birth weight. Insulin is mainly related to fetal overgrowth (macrosomia). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 may be a growth inhibitor in the fetus. |
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ISSN: | 0002-9378 1097-6868 |
DOI: | 10.1016/0002-9378(93)90137-8 |