Esters, Retroesters, and a Retroamide of Palmitic Acid: Pool for the First Selective Inhibitors of N-Palmitoylethanolamine- Selective Acid Amidase

Cyclohexyl hexadecanoate, hexadecyl propionate, and N-(3-hydroxypropionyl)pentadecanamide, respectively ester, retroester, and retroamide derivatives of N-palmitoylethanolamine, represent the first selective inhibitors of “N-palmitoylethanolamine hydrolase” described so far. These compounds are devoid of affinity for CB1 and CB2 receptors and characterized by high percentages of inhibition of N-palmitoylethanolamine-selective acid amidase (84.0, 70.5, and 76.7% inhibition at 100 μM, respectively) with much lower inhibitory effect on either fatty acid amide hydrolase or the uptake of anandamide.