Association of 22 cytokine gene polymorphisms with rheumatoid arthritis in population of ethnic Macedonians

To examine the possible role of 22 cytokine gene polymorphisms in host susceptibility to or protection against RA in Macedonians. In this study, 301 healthy unrelated individuals and 85 patients with RA were studied. Cytokine genotyping was performed by PCR with sequence-specific priming (PCR–SSP) (Heidelberg kit). Results showed susceptible association for four cytokine alleles, six cytokine genotypes, one haplotype, and four combinations of haplotypes, while protective associations were found for four cytokine alleles, three cytokine genotypes, three haplotypes, and only one combination of haplotypes. These results suggest that IL-4 −1098 , IL-4 −590 , IL-10 −1082 , IL-10 −819 , IL-2 −330 , IL-6 −174 , and TNF-α −238 cytokine gene polymorphisms might be significantly associated and affect host susceptibility and/or resistance to RA in Macedonians.