Antitubercular potential of plants: A brief account of some important molecules

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the most lethal pathogen causing tuberculosis in human. After the discovery of antitubercular drugs pyrazinamide, rifampicin, isoniazid, streptomycin, and ethambutol (PRISE), the disease was controlled for a limited period. However, over the course of their usage, the pathogen acquired resistance and evolved into multi‐drug resistant, single‐drug resistant, and extensive drug resistant forms. A good number of plant secondary metabolites are reported to have antitubercular activity comparable to the existing antitubercular drugs or sometimes even better in potency. A well‐defined strategy is required to exploit these phytomolecules as antitubercular drugs. This review gives concise up‐to‐date information regarding the chemistry and pharmacology of plant‐based leads and some insight into their structure–activity relationship. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev, 30, No. 4, 603–645, 2010