Role of Electrospun Nanofibers in Stem Cell Technologies and Tissue Engineering

Tissue engineering is a promising tool to manage structural and functional defects in bone and cartilage. To provide optimal conditions for three‐dimensional cell growth the use of a scaffold is necessary. The aim of the study was to prove osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) onto a three‐dimensional, nanostructured scaffold of electrospun poly (l‐lactide)‐nanofibers. HMSC were seeded onto this matrix and differentiated for 21 days. Cells clearly preferred a guided growth along the nanofibers and revealed no signs of cell‐death. Osteogenic differentiation of hMSC onto the matrix has been demonstrated. Due to the fine structure, electrospun nanofibers promises to be an ideal scaffold for tissue engineering. They can be enriched with additives and are equally biocompatible and biodegradable.