Cigarette smoking and depression: tests of causal linkages using a longitudinal birth cohort

Research on the comorbidity between cigarette smoking and major depression has not elucidated the pathways by which smoking is associated with depression. To examine the causal relationships between smoking and depression via fixed-effects regression and structural equation modelling. Data were gath...

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Veröffentlicht in:	British journal of psychiatry 2010-06, Vol.196 (6), p.440-446
Hauptverfasser:	Boden, Joseph M, Fergusson, David M, Horwood, L John
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Adolescent Age Factors Causal models Child Child development Child, Preschool Childbirth Childbirth & labor Cigarette smoking Cigarettes Comorbidity Confounding factors Data analysis Depression Depressive Disorder, Major - epidemiology Depressive Disorder, Major - psychology Drug dependence Epidemiologic Methods Female Generalized linear models Humans Infant Infant, Newborn Male Mental depression Mental disorders Mental health Modelling New Zealand - epidemiology Nicotine Psychiatry Public health Risk factors Self-medication Smoking Smoking - epidemiology Smoking - psychology Symptoms Tobacco Use Disorder - epidemiology Tobacco Use Disorder - psychology
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Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:	Research on the comorbidity between cigarette smoking and major depression has not elucidated the pathways by which smoking is associated with depression. To examine the causal relationships between smoking and depression via fixed-effects regression and structural equation modelling. Data were gathered on nicotine-dependence symptoms and depressive symptoms in early adulthood using a birth cohort of over 1000 individuals. Adjustment for confounding factors revealed persistent significant (P
ISSN:	0007-1250 1472-1465
DOI:	10.1192/bjp.bp.109.065912