MT1-MMP and integrins: Hand-to-hand in cell communication

Integrins are transmembrane adhesion receptors essential for cell communication with the environment and in particular with the extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM components can be processed by several enzymes; one of the largest families involved in this task being matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). MT1‐MMP (membrane type 1‐matrix metalloproteinase) is a membrane‐anchored MMP with important roles in processes such as tissue development, tumor invasion, and angiogenesis. In addition to its catalytic‐dependent functions, MT1‐MMP can interact, via its cytosolic tail, with intracellular components, and trigger signaling pathways that impact cell decisions. These features make MT1‐MMP similar to integrins, because both are able to integrate events in the extracellular and intracellular milieus. Accordingly, it is probably no coincidence that MT1‐MMP often associates and functionally cooperates with distinct integrins at specific cellular compartments. In this review, we discuss aspects of the molecular and functional interplay between MT1‐MMP and integrins in distinct cellular and biological contexts.