Risk factors for hip fracture in older adults: a case-control study in Taiwan

Summary We conducted a matched case-control study of hip fracture in older adults. Our findings suggest that hip fracture risk was determined by multiple factors. Older women characterized by low consumption of milk, peak flow rate, grip strength, and bone mineral density (BMD) had increased risk of hip fracture. Older men with impaired cognitive function and low BMD were also at higher risk of hip fracture. Introduction Multiple factors contribute to low-trauma hip fracture in older adults. The aim of this study was to determine important characteristics of hip fracture in older population. Methods A total of 228 patients with first low-trauma hip fracture were matched with 497 controls. All 77 potential risk factors of hip fracture organized into 13 groups were analyzed using conditional logistic regression. Results Low milk intake, peak flow rate, hand grip strength, and bone mineral density in women and low mini-mental state examination score and bone mineral density in men were further identified to be independently associated with elevated hip fracture risk. Conclusions The factors found in our study may help understand the etiology of hip fracture and be further adopted to evaluate the risk of hip fracture in community and clinical setting.