In-vitro assessment of temperature rise in the pulp during orthodontic bonding

Introduction In this in-vitro study, we evaluated the temperature changes in the pulp chamber during bracket bonding using 4 different light sources. Methods Eighty intact extracted maxillary central incisors were used. The teeth were divided into 4 groups of 20 teeth each. Brackets (Mini Twin, Dentaurum, Ispringen, Germany) were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) adhesive and light cured with low-intensity halogen light for 40 seconds, high-intensity halogen light for 40 seconds, light-emitting diode (LED) light for 20 seconds, and plasma arc light (PAC) for 6 seconds. Light curing was performed 5 mm from tooth surfaces. A J-type thermocouple wire was positioned in the center of the pulp chamber. The results were analyzed with analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the Tukey HSD test. Results ANOVA and the Tukey HSD test showed that pulp chamber temperature changes were influenced by the type of light source. All groups showed significant differences between each other ( P