APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES IN STUDY OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION IN THE VICINITY OF SHANGHAI

Aerosol samples were collected from three typical areas during three years: 1) north suburb of Shanghai city (NSSC); 2) north part of Shanghai city; 3) a lead-zinc smeltery and its surrounding areas. The hair samples were collected from lead-exposed workers and control people. Aerosol samples have been analyzed by PIXE, and hair samples by EDXRF (energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence) method. S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb etc were detected in most of the aerosol and hair samples. According to the analytical results, the compositions of NSSC aerosol samples were quite similar to those from north part of Shanghai city, both the lead concentrations of these samples were less than the limit of the National Standard (70 μ g/m3); There was serious air pollution in smeltery and its surrounding areas. Especially, the lead concentration in the aerosol exceeded 200 μg/m3; The average lead concentration of hair samples for half-year exposed group was about 3-fold higher than that of unexposed group.