Metal Chlorides in Ionic Liquid Solvents Convert Sugars to 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural

Replacing petroleum feedstocks by biomass requires efficient methods to convert carbohydrates to a variety of chemical compounds. We report the catalytic conversion of sugars giving high yield to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a versatile intermediate. Metal halides in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium ch...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 2007-06, Vol.316 (5831), p.1597-1600
Hauptverfasser:	Zhao, Haibo, Holladay, Johnathan E, Brown, Heather, Zhang, Z. Conrad
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	09 BIOMASS FUELS ALDEHYDES Biomass Catalysis Catalysts CATALYTIC EFFECTS Chemistry Chlorides Chromium CHROMIUM CHLORIDES Conversion Dehydration Exact sciences and technology FURANS General and physical chemistry GLUCOSE Ionic liquids Isomerization Lewis acids Metal halides SACCHARIDES SACCHAROSE Solvents Sugar Sugars SYNTHESIS Theory of reactions, general kinetics. Catalysis. Nomenclature, chemical documentation, computer chemistry
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Zusammenfassung:	Replacing petroleum feedstocks by biomass requires efficient methods to convert carbohydrates to a variety of chemical compounds. We report the catalytic conversion of sugars giving high yield to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), a versatile intermediate. Metal halides in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride are catalysts, among which chromium (II) chloride is found to be uniquely effective, leading to the conversion of glucose to HMF with a yield near 70%. A wide range of metal halides is found to catalyze the conversion of fructose to HMF. Only a negligible amount of levulinic acid is formed in these reactions.
ISSN:	0036-8075 0193-4511 1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.1141199