Fertilizer source effect on ground and surface water quality in drainage from turfgrass
Nutrients in surface and ground water can affect human and aquatic organisms that rely on water for consumption and habitat. A mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (July 2000-May 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. Treatments were arran...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of environmental quality 2004-03, Vol.33 (2), p.645-655 |
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| creator | Easton, Z.M Petrovic, A.M |
| description | Nutrients in surface and ground water can affect human and aquatic organisms that rely on water for consumption and habitat. A mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (July 2000-May 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. Treatments were arranged in an incomplete randomized block design on a slope of 7 to 9% of Arkport sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalf) and seeded with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Three natural organic (dairy and swine compost and a biosolid) and two synthetic organic nutrient sources (readily available urea and controlled-release N source sulfur-coated urea) were applied at rates of 50 and 100 kg N ha(-1) per application (200 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Runoff water collected from 33 storms and composite monthly leachate samples collected with ion exchange resins were analyzed for nitrate (NO3(-)-N), phosphate (PO4(3-)-P), and ammonium (NH4(+)-N). Nutrient concentrations and losses in both runoff and leachate were highest for the 20-wk period following turfgrass seeding. The NO3(-)-N and NH4(+)-N losses declined significantly once turfgrass cover was established, but PO4(3-)-P levels increased in Year 2. Turf's ability to reduce nutrient runoff and leachate was related to overall plant growth and shoot density. The use of natural organics resulted in greater P loss on a percent applied P basis, while the more soluble synthetic organics resulted in greater N loss. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.2134/jeq2004.6450 |
| format | Article |
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A mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (July 2000-May 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. Treatments were arranged in an incomplete randomized block design on a slope of 7 to 9% of Arkport sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalf) and seeded with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Three natural organic (dairy and swine compost and a biosolid) and two synthetic organic nutrient sources (readily available urea and controlled-release N source sulfur-coated urea) were applied at rates of 50 and 100 kg N ha(-1) per application (200 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Runoff water collected from 33 storms and composite monthly leachate samples collected with ion exchange resins were analyzed for nitrate (NO3(-)-N), phosphate (PO4(3-)-P), and ammonium (NH4(+)-N). Nutrient concentrations and losses in both runoff and leachate were highest for the 20-wk period following turfgrass seeding. The NO3(-)-N and NH4(+)-N losses declined significantly once turfgrass cover was established, but PO4(3-)-P levels increased in Year 2. Turf's ability to reduce nutrient runoff and leachate was related to overall plant growth and shoot density. The use of natural organics resulted in greater P loss on a percent applied P basis, while the more soluble synthetic organics resulted in greater N loss.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0047-2425</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1537-2537</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.2134/jeq2004.6450</identifier><identifier>PMID: 15074817</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JEVQAA</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Madison: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</publisher><subject>Active control ; agricultural runoff ; Agronomy ; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions ; Ammonium ; Animals ; Applied sciences ; Aquatic organisms ; Biological and medical sciences ; biosolids composts ; Cattle ; cattle manure ; composted manure ; Composting ; Copyrights ; Density ; Drainage ; Earth sciences ; Earth, ocean, space ; Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics ; Environmental Monitoring ; Environmental quality ; Exact sciences and technology ; fertilizer rates ; Fertilizers ; Fertilizing ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; Grounds ; Groundwater ; Habitats ; Leachates ; leaching ; Loam soils ; Lolium perenne ; losses from soil ; Manure ; nitrate nitrogen ; Nitrogen - analysis ; Nucleation ; Nutrient availability ; Nutrient concentrations ; Nutrient loss ; Nutrient release ; Nutrient sources ; Nutrients ; Organisms ; Phosphates ; phosphorus ; Phosphorus - analysis ; pig manure ; Plant growth ; Poa pratensis ; Poaceae - growth & development ; Pollution ; Pollution, environment geology ; Resins ; Runoff ; Sandy loam ; shoots ; Soil Pollutants - analysis ; soil water content ; Sulfur ; sulfur-coated urea ; Surface water ; Swine ; Turf ; turf grasses ; Urea ; Ureas ; Water Movements ; Water Pollutants - analysis ; water pollution ; Water quality</subject><ispartof>Journal of environmental quality, 2004-03, Vol.33 (2), p.645-655</ispartof><rights>ASA, CSSA, SSSA</rights><rights>2004 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Society of Agronomy Mar/Apr 2004</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5130-26c0acaaf66744c3d3c8862f1ae88e3cf1663464eb0a568be69ace0095dbe10f3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a5130-26c0acaaf66744c3d3c8862f1ae88e3cf1663464eb0a568be69ace0095dbe10f3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.2134%2Fjeq2004.6450$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.2134%2Fjeq2004.6450$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&idt=15587846$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15074817$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Easton, Z.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrovic, A.M</creatorcontrib><title>Fertilizer source effect on ground and surface water quality in drainage from turfgrass</title><title>Journal of environmental quality</title><addtitle>J Environ Qual</addtitle><description>Nutrients in surface and ground water can affect human and aquatic organisms that rely on water for consumption and habitat. A mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (July 2000-May 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. Treatments were arranged in an incomplete randomized block design on a slope of 7 to 9% of Arkport sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalf) and seeded with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Three natural organic (dairy and swine compost and a biosolid) and two synthetic organic nutrient sources (readily available urea and controlled-release N source sulfur-coated urea) were applied at rates of 50 and 100 kg N ha(-1) per application (200 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Runoff water collected from 33 storms and composite monthly leachate samples collected with ion exchange resins were analyzed for nitrate (NO3(-)-N), phosphate (PO4(3-)-P), and ammonium (NH4(+)-N). Nutrient concentrations and losses in both runoff and leachate were highest for the 20-wk period following turfgrass seeding. The NO3(-)-N and NH4(+)-N losses declined significantly once turfgrass cover was established, but PO4(3-)-P levels increased in Year 2. Turf's ability to reduce nutrient runoff and leachate was related to overall plant growth and shoot density. The use of natural organics resulted in greater P loss on a percent applied P basis, while the more soluble synthetic organics resulted in greater N loss.</description><subject>Active control</subject><subject>agricultural runoff</subject><subject>Agronomy</subject><subject>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</subject><subject>Ammonium</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Applied sciences</subject><subject>Aquatic organisms</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>biosolids composts</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>cattle manure</subject><subject>composted manure</subject><subject>Composting</subject><subject>Copyrights</subject><subject>Density</subject><subject>Drainage</subject><subject>Earth sciences</subject><subject>Earth, ocean, space</subject><subject>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</subject><subject>Environmental Monitoring</subject><subject>Environmental quality</subject><subject>Exact sciences and technology</subject><subject>fertilizer rates</subject><subject>Fertilizers</subject><subject>Fertilizing</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>Grounds</subject><subject>Groundwater</subject><subject>Habitats</subject><subject>Leachates</subject><subject>leaching</subject><subject>Loam soils</subject><subject>Lolium perenne</subject><subject>losses from soil</subject><subject>Manure</subject><subject>nitrate nitrogen</subject><subject>Nitrogen - analysis</subject><subject>Nucleation</subject><subject>Nutrient availability</subject><subject>Nutrient concentrations</subject><subject>Nutrient loss</subject><subject>Nutrient release</subject><subject>Nutrient sources</subject><subject>Nutrients</subject><subject>Organisms</subject><subject>Phosphates</subject><subject>phosphorus</subject><subject>Phosphorus - analysis</subject><subject>pig manure</subject><subject>Plant growth</subject><subject>Poa pratensis</subject><subject>Poaceae - growth & development</subject><subject>Pollution</subject><subject>Pollution, environment geology</subject><subject>Resins</subject><subject>Runoff</subject><subject>Sandy loam</subject><subject>shoots</subject><subject>Soil Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>soil water content</subject><subject>Sulfur</subject><subject>sulfur-coated urea</subject><subject>Surface water</subject><subject>Swine</subject><subject>Turf</subject><subject>turf grasses</subject><subject>Urea</subject><subject>Ureas</subject><subject>Water Movements</subject><subject>Water Pollutants - analysis</subject><subject>water pollution</subject><subject>Water quality</subject><issn>0047-2425</issn><issn>1537-2537</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2004</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>8G5</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>GUQSH</sourceid><sourceid>M2O</sourceid><recordid>eNqFkc9rFDEUx4NY7Fq9edahoF66Nb8zOUpptaUgosXj8DbzsswyO9NNZijrX-8bdkDx0B5eEl4-7-eXsTeCn0uh9KcN7iTn-txqw5-xhTDKLSUdz9mC3PTW0hyzlzlvOBeSO_uCHQvDnS6FW7BfV5iGpm1-YypyP6aABcaIYSj6rlinfuzqAsjymCLQ5wMMRO5GaJthXzRdUSdoOlhjEVO_LQbC1glyfsWOIrQZX8_3Cbu7uvx58XV5--3L9cXn2yUYofhS2sAhAERrndZB1SqUpZVRAJYlqhCFtUpbjSsOxpYrtJ664NybeoWCR3XCPh7y3qd-N2Ieqm2TA7YtdNiPuXJa0cxSKiI_PErSMo33Rj4JCiuc8do9DWpbem2m0qf_gRtadUd7qYR3WjjBp7JnByikPueEsbpPzRbSvhJ8ak5Xs9LVpDThb-ec42qL9V94lpaA9zMAOUAbE3Shyf9wpnSltsT5A_fQtLh_tGh1c_ldTkaOuYl3h9gIfQXrRPnvfkhOynLvDI2v_gARNsnt</recordid><startdate>200403</startdate><enddate>200403</enddate><creator>Easton, Z.M</creator><creator>Petrovic, A.M</creator><general>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</general><general>Crop Science Society of America</general><general>American Society of Agronomy</general><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7ST</scope><scope>7T7</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>88I</scope><scope>8AF</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>8G5</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>GUQSH</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M2O</scope><scope>M2P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>MBDVC</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>Q9U</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>SOI</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TV</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>7SU</scope><scope>KR7</scope></search><sort><creationdate>200403</creationdate><title>Fertilizer source effect on ground and surface water quality in drainage from turfgrass</title><author>Easton, Z.M ; Petrovic, A.M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a5130-26c0acaaf66744c3d3c8862f1ae88e3cf1663464eb0a568be69ace0095dbe10f3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2004</creationdate><topic>Active control</topic><topic>agricultural runoff</topic><topic>Agronomy</topic><topic>Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions</topic><topic>Ammonium</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Aquatic organisms</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>biosolids composts</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>cattle manure</topic><topic>composted manure</topic><topic>Composting</topic><topic>Copyrights</topic><topic>Density</topic><topic>Drainage</topic><topic>Earth sciences</topic><topic>Earth, ocean, space</topic><topic>Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics</topic><topic>Environmental Monitoring</topic><topic>Environmental quality</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>fertilizer rates</topic><topic>Fertilizers</topic><topic>Fertilizing</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>Grounds</topic><topic>Groundwater</topic><topic>Habitats</topic><topic>Leachates</topic><topic>leaching</topic><topic>Loam soils</topic><topic>Lolium perenne</topic><topic>losses from soil</topic><topic>Manure</topic><topic>nitrate nitrogen</topic><topic>Nitrogen - analysis</topic><topic>Nucleation</topic><topic>Nutrient availability</topic><topic>Nutrient concentrations</topic><topic>Nutrient loss</topic><topic>Nutrient release</topic><topic>Nutrient sources</topic><topic>Nutrients</topic><topic>Organisms</topic><topic>Phosphates</topic><topic>phosphorus</topic><topic>Phosphorus - analysis</topic><topic>pig manure</topic><topic>Plant growth</topic><topic>Poa pratensis</topic><topic>Poaceae - growth & development</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Pollution, environment geology</topic><topic>Resins</topic><topic>Runoff</topic><topic>Sandy loam</topic><topic>shoots</topic><topic>Soil Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>soil water content</topic><topic>Sulfur</topic><topic>sulfur-coated urea</topic><topic>Surface water</topic><topic>Swine</topic><topic>Turf</topic><topic>turf grasses</topic><topic>Urea</topic><topic>Ureas</topic><topic>Water Movements</topic><topic>Water Pollutants - analysis</topic><topic>water pollution</topic><topic>Water quality</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Easton, Z.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Petrovic, A.M</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Science Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>STEM Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Research Library (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>eLibrary</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>Research Library Prep</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - 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A mass-balance field study was conducted over two years (July 2000-May 2001) to determine the effect of nutrient source on turfgrass runoff and leachate. Treatments were arranged in an incomplete randomized block design on a slope of 7 to 9% of Arkport sandy loam (coarse-loamy, mixed, active, mesic Lamellic Hapludalf) and seeded with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). Three natural organic (dairy and swine compost and a biosolid) and two synthetic organic nutrient sources (readily available urea and controlled-release N source sulfur-coated urea) were applied at rates of 50 and 100 kg N ha(-1) per application (200 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Runoff water collected from 33 storms and composite monthly leachate samples collected with ion exchange resins were analyzed for nitrate (NO3(-)-N), phosphate (PO4(3-)-P), and ammonium (NH4(+)-N). Nutrient concentrations and losses in both runoff and leachate were highest for the 20-wk period following turfgrass seeding. The NO3(-)-N and NH4(+)-N losses declined significantly once turfgrass cover was established, but PO4(3-)-P levels increased in Year 2. Turf's ability to reduce nutrient runoff and leachate was related to overall plant growth and shoot density. The use of natural organics resulted in greater P loss on a percent applied P basis, while the more soluble synthetic organics resulted in greater N loss.</abstract><cop>Madison</cop><pub>American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society</pub><pmid>15074817</pmid><doi>10.2134/jeq2004.6450</doi><tpages>11</tpages></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | Journal of environmental quality, 2004-03, Vol.33 (2), p.645-655 |
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| subjects | Active control agricultural runoff Agronomy Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions Ammonium Animals Applied sciences Aquatic organisms Biological and medical sciences biosolids composts Cattle cattle manure composted manure Composting Copyrights Density Drainage Earth sciences Earth, ocean, space Engineering and environment geology. Geothermics Environmental Monitoring Environmental quality Exact sciences and technology fertilizer rates Fertilizers Fertilizing Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Grounds Groundwater Habitats Leachates leaching Loam soils Lolium perenne losses from soil Manure nitrate nitrogen Nitrogen - analysis Nucleation Nutrient availability Nutrient concentrations Nutrient loss Nutrient release Nutrient sources Nutrients Organisms Phosphates phosphorus Phosphorus - analysis pig manure Plant growth Poa pratensis Poaceae - growth & development Pollution Pollution, environment geology Resins Runoff Sandy loam shoots Soil Pollutants - analysis soil water content Sulfur sulfur-coated urea Surface water Swine Turf turf grasses Urea Ureas Water Movements Water Pollutants - analysis water pollution Water quality |
| title | Fertilizer source effect on ground and surface water quality in drainage from turfgrass |
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