Significant venous thromboembolism caused by pelvic lymphocysts: Diagnosis and management

Lymphocysts are an infrequent complication of pelvic lymphadenectomy, but may lead to serious complications. Previous reviews have discussed the etiology, diagnosis, and management of lymphocysts. We present three cases of venous thromboembolic complications secondary to venous compression and stasis from a lymphocyst. Evaluation of venous dynamics by impedance plethysmography differentiates between venous obstruction and/or lymphedema. The subsequent management of extrinsic venous obstruction with and without thrombosis is discussed.