Freeze-fracture analysis of the effects of age and 2,4-dinitrophenol on the morphology of flight muscle mitochondria of Musca Domestica L

Morphometric comparisons of freeze-fractured mitochondria in flight muscles of adult (37-day-old) and old (68-day-old) houseflies revealed a 28% decrease of cristae in the old flies. The major membrane change with age was an increase in the 90–120-Å particles in the inner membrane external face concomitant with a loss of particle clusters associated with the openings of the cristae on to the inner membrane. In vitro treatment of flight muscle with 2,4-dinitrophenol, an uncoupler of mitochondrial respiration, did not produce this change but resulted in the formation of smooth particle-free vesicular swellings in the mitochondria. Such swellings were infrequent in the old muscle. The cause for the aging change is not clear, but a reduction in the ability of the intramembranous particles to aggregate, either through modification or altered synthesis, is indicated.