Modified BINOL Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis

Enantioselective catalysis using chiral metal complexes provides one of the most general and flexible methods for asymmetric synthesis. Metals are known to possess a range of activities that can be influenced by ligand properties. The ligand, optimized for a given transformation, must have suitable functionalities, appropriate elements of symmetry, and substituents capable of differentiating the available space in the vicinity of the metal center.