Genistein directly blocks glycine receptors of rat neurons freshly isolated from the ventral tegmental area

The effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the glycine-induced current (I Gly) were studied in rat neurons freshly isolated from the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Genistein reversibly and concentration-dependently depressed I Gly, with an IC 50 of 13 μM. Preincubation with genistein had no effect on I Gly, indicating that genistein is effective only when glycine is bound to the receptor and channels are most likely open. Genistein depressed maximum I Gly without significantly changing the EC 50 for glycine. Genistein-induced inhibition of I Gly was sensitive to membrane voltage, being greater at positive membrane potentials. A kinetic analysis indicated that genistein lengthens the time constant of I Gly activation, but has no effect on deactivation or desensitization. When genistein was rapidly washed out, a transient rebound current probably reflected a faster dissociation of genistein, with respect to glycine. Results of competition experiments suggest that genistein acts on the same region of the glycine receptor as picrotoxin. Daidzein, an analog of genistein that does not act on protein kinases, also inhibited I Gly. Co-application of lavendustin A, a specific inhibitor of tyrosine kinase, had no effect on I Gly. Our results extend to neurons isolated from the VTA, the previous finding that genistein directly inhibits glycine receptors of hypothalamic brain slices.