Seasonal variations in plasma hormones and reproductive efficiency in early postpartum buffalo

Investigations were carried out on twenty newly calved Murrah buffalo that were divided into two sets of ten each during winter (December to February) and summer (May to September). Recommended feeding and management practices were followed. Blood samples were collected on Days 0, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 15, 22, 29, 36, 43, 50 and 57 postpartum for hormone radioimmune assay (RIA). The values of reproductive parameters and hormone levels during winter and summer, respectively, were the following for uterine involution, 39.50 ± 2.74 d and 32.50 ± 3.01 d; first postpartum estrus interval, 70.10 ± 9.62 d and 37.40 ± 11.82 d; number of services per conception, 1.57 ± 0.29 and 2.40 ± 0.68; first service conception rate, 40 and 20 %, overall conception rate, 70 and 40 %; 13,14-Dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin F 2α (PGFM), 1.78 ± 0.26 ng/ml and 2.62 ± 0.30 ng/ml; progesterone, 1.09 ± 0.14 ng/ml and 0.65 ± 0.77 ng/ml. A negative correlation (r = −0.83, P 0.05 ) was observed between PGFM and progesterone. Although, summer stress hastens uterine involution and first postpartum estrus interval, overall reproductive efficiency is impaired due to deficiency of progesterone, which is essential for embryo survival.