Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms

Ionophores and supplemental fat are fed to lactating cows to improve feed efficiency. Their effect on rumen fermentation is similar, but less is known about their impact on rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin (M), bacitracin (B), and soybean oil (O) o...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Journal of dairy science 2009-09, Vol.92 (9), p.4467-4480
Hauptverfasser: Johnson, M.C., Devine, A.A., Ellis, J.C., Grunden, A.M., Fellner, V.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 4480
container_issue 9
container_start_page 4467
container_title Journal of dairy science
container_volume 92
creator Johnson, M.C.
Devine, A.A.
Ellis, J.C.
Grunden, A.M.
Fellner, V.
description Ionophores and supplemental fat are fed to lactating cows to improve feed efficiency. Their effect on rumen fermentation is similar, but less is known about their impact on rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin (M), bacitracin (B), and soybean oil (O) on microbial populations. Mixed cultures of rumen microbes were incubated in 5 dual-flow continuous fermentors and fed 13.8g of alfalfa hay pellets daily (DM basis) for 16 d. All fermentors were allowed to stabilize for 4 d. From d 5 to 10, two fermentors received O (5% of diet DM), one fermentor received M (22mg/kg), and one received B (22mg/kg). From d 11 to 16, the 2 fermentors receiving O also received either M (OM) or B (OB) and O was included in the fermentors receiving M (MO) and B (BO). One fermentor served as the control and received 100% alfalfa pellets throughout the experiment. Each run was replicated 3 times. Samples were taken at 2h after the morning feeding on d 4, 10, and 16 and were analyzed for bacterial populations using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Volatile fatty acid concentration, methane production, and pH in the control cultures were not affected by time and remained similar during the entire experiment. The M and O treatments reduced molar concentration of acetate, increased concentration of propionate, and decreased methane production. Bacitracin did not alter acetate or propionate concentration, but reduced methane production. All 3 treatments (M, B, and O) altered the fragment patterns of microbial profiles. In contrast, treatments MO, OM, BO, and OB had little effect on culture fermentation despite differences in the patterns of microbial fragments. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data suggest that microbial adaptation to the in vitro system in the control fermentor occurred within 4 d.
doi_str_mv 10.3168/jds.2008-1841
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734015493</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><els_id>S0022030209707726</els_id><sourcerecordid>1859618211</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-27e7ddde14588f98a9901b92e81d0b7504062a57ec36879084a9b1b863fc36263</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp10U1v1DAQBuAIgehSOHKFCKlwSpmx82EfUVU-pEocoGfLccZbr5y4tRMK_x6nWYGExMl28vj12FMULxHOObbi_WFI5wxAVChqfFTssGFNxVGKx8UOgLEKOLCT4llKh7xEBs3T4gRlB9CB2BV3l9aSmVMZbKmn2fUuzM6kPB_K4HwZpnJ0JobeaV_exmCdp-2vpTjSNOvZZeNW9pOG0ix-XiI95MVldFPe9hAQ4l5PLo3pefHEap_oxXE8La4_Xn6_-Fxdff305eLDVWVqiXPFOuqGYSCsGyGsFFpKwF4yEjhA3zVQQ8t005HhregkiFrLHnvRcpu_sJafFu-23Fz13UJpVqNLhrzXE4UlqY7XgE0teZZv_pGHsMRceVIoG9GilDKjakP5LilFsuo2ulHHXwpBrZ1QuRNq7YRaO5H9q2Po0o80_NXHp8_g7Ah0MtrbqCfj0h_HUPBc3Hrw283duP3NvYuk0qi9z7G4HimZkqqu2y7D1xu0Oii9jzns-hsD5IBtK2TLsug2QfndfziKKhlHk6Ehx5pZDcH95za_AVwcujE</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>195861999</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier)</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><creator>Johnson, M.C. ; Devine, A.A. ; Ellis, J.C. ; Grunden, A.M. ; Fellner, V.</creator><creatorcontrib>Johnson, M.C. ; Devine, A.A. ; Ellis, J.C. ; Grunden, A.M. ; Fellner, V.</creatorcontrib><description>Ionophores and supplemental fat are fed to lactating cows to improve feed efficiency. Their effect on rumen fermentation is similar, but less is known about their impact on rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin (M), bacitracin (B), and soybean oil (O) on microbial populations. Mixed cultures of rumen microbes were incubated in 5 dual-flow continuous fermentors and fed 13.8g of alfalfa hay pellets daily (DM basis) for 16 d. All fermentors were allowed to stabilize for 4 d. From d 5 to 10, two fermentors received O (5% of diet DM), one fermentor received M (22mg/kg), and one received B (22mg/kg). From d 11 to 16, the 2 fermentors receiving O also received either M (OM) or B (OB) and O was included in the fermentors receiving M (MO) and B (BO). One fermentor served as the control and received 100% alfalfa pellets throughout the experiment. Each run was replicated 3 times. Samples were taken at 2h after the morning feeding on d 4, 10, and 16 and were analyzed for bacterial populations using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Volatile fatty acid concentration, methane production, and pH in the control cultures were not affected by time and remained similar during the entire experiment. The M and O treatments reduced molar concentration of acetate, increased concentration of propionate, and decreased methane production. Bacitracin did not alter acetate or propionate concentration, but reduced methane production. All 3 treatments (M, B, and O) altered the fragment patterns of microbial profiles. In contrast, treatments MO, OM, BO, and OB had little effect on culture fermentation despite differences in the patterns of microbial fragments. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data suggest that microbial adaptation to the in vitro system in the control fermentor occurred within 4 d.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0022-0302</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1525-3198</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1841</identifier><identifier>PMID: 19700708</identifier><identifier>CODEN: JDSCAE</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>New York, NY: Elsevier Inc</publisher><subject>acetates ; Ammonia - metabolism ; Animal productions ; Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology ; antibiotics ; bacitracin ; Bacteria - classification ; Bacteria - drug effects ; Biodiversity ; Biological and medical sciences ; Bioreactors ; Cattle ; continuous culture ; dietary fat ; Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism ; feed supplements ; Female ; Fermentation - drug effects ; Food industries ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gas production (biological) ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; In Vitro Techniques ; ionophore ; ionophores ; methane ; Methane - metabolism ; Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams ; mixed culture ; monensin ; nutrient-drug interactions ; propionates ; Rumen - microbiology ; rumen fermentation ; rumen microbial diversity ; rumen microorganisms ; soybean oil ; Soybean Oil - pharmacology ; synergism ; Terrestrial animal productions ; Vertebrates ; volatile fatty acids</subject><ispartof>Journal of dairy science, 2009-09, Vol.92 (9), p.4467-4480</ispartof><rights>2009 American Dairy Science Association</rights><rights>2009 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>Copyright American Dairy Science Association Sep 2009</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-27e7ddde14588f98a9901b92e81d0b7504062a57ec36879084a9b1b863fc36263</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-27e7ddde14588f98a9901b92e81d0b7504062a57ec36879084a9b1b863fc36263</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1841$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3550,27924,27925,45995</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttp://pascal-francis.inist.fr/vibad/index.php?action=getRecordDetail&amp;idt=21834939$$DView record in Pascal Francis$$Hfree_for_read</backlink><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19700708$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Johnson, M.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devine, A.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ellis, J.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grunden, A.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fellner, V.</creatorcontrib><title>Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms</title><title>Journal of dairy science</title><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><description>Ionophores and supplemental fat are fed to lactating cows to improve feed efficiency. Their effect on rumen fermentation is similar, but less is known about their impact on rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin (M), bacitracin (B), and soybean oil (O) on microbial populations. Mixed cultures of rumen microbes were incubated in 5 dual-flow continuous fermentors and fed 13.8g of alfalfa hay pellets daily (DM basis) for 16 d. All fermentors were allowed to stabilize for 4 d. From d 5 to 10, two fermentors received O (5% of diet DM), one fermentor received M (22mg/kg), and one received B (22mg/kg). From d 11 to 16, the 2 fermentors receiving O also received either M (OM) or B (OB) and O was included in the fermentors receiving M (MO) and B (BO). One fermentor served as the control and received 100% alfalfa pellets throughout the experiment. Each run was replicated 3 times. Samples were taken at 2h after the morning feeding on d 4, 10, and 16 and were analyzed for bacterial populations using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Volatile fatty acid concentration, methane production, and pH in the control cultures were not affected by time and remained similar during the entire experiment. The M and O treatments reduced molar concentration of acetate, increased concentration of propionate, and decreased methane production. Bacitracin did not alter acetate or propionate concentration, but reduced methane production. All 3 treatments (M, B, and O) altered the fragment patterns of microbial profiles. In contrast, treatments MO, OM, BO, and OB had little effect on culture fermentation despite differences in the patterns of microbial fragments. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data suggest that microbial adaptation to the in vitro system in the control fermentor occurred within 4 d.</description><subject>acetates</subject><subject>Ammonia - metabolism</subject><subject>Animal productions</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</subject><subject>antibiotics</subject><subject>bacitracin</subject><subject>Bacteria - classification</subject><subject>Bacteria - drug effects</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>Bioreactors</subject><subject>Cattle</subject><subject>continuous culture</subject><subject>dietary fat</subject><subject>Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism</subject><subject>feed supplements</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Fermentation - drug effects</subject><subject>Food industries</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gas production (biological)</subject><subject>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</subject><subject>In Vitro Techniques</subject><subject>ionophore</subject><subject>ionophores</subject><subject>methane</subject><subject>Methane - metabolism</subject><subject>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</subject><subject>mixed culture</subject><subject>monensin</subject><subject>nutrient-drug interactions</subject><subject>propionates</subject><subject>Rumen - microbiology</subject><subject>rumen fermentation</subject><subject>rumen microbial diversity</subject><subject>rumen microorganisms</subject><subject>soybean oil</subject><subject>Soybean Oil - pharmacology</subject><subject>synergism</subject><subject>Terrestrial animal productions</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><subject>volatile fatty acids</subject><issn>0022-0302</issn><issn>1525-3198</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2009</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><recordid>eNp10U1v1DAQBuAIgehSOHKFCKlwSpmx82EfUVU-pEocoGfLccZbr5y4tRMK_x6nWYGExMl28vj12FMULxHOObbi_WFI5wxAVChqfFTssGFNxVGKx8UOgLEKOLCT4llKh7xEBs3T4gRlB9CB2BV3l9aSmVMZbKmn2fUuzM6kPB_K4HwZpnJ0JobeaV_exmCdp-2vpTjSNOvZZeNW9pOG0ix-XiI95MVldFPe9hAQ4l5PLo3pefHEap_oxXE8La4_Xn6_-Fxdff305eLDVWVqiXPFOuqGYSCsGyGsFFpKwF4yEjhA3zVQQ8t005HhregkiFrLHnvRcpu_sJafFu-23Fz13UJpVqNLhrzXE4UlqY7XgE0teZZv_pGHsMRceVIoG9GilDKjakP5LilFsuo2ulHHXwpBrZ1QuRNq7YRaO5H9q2Po0o80_NXHp8_g7Ah0MtrbqCfj0h_HUPBc3Hrw283duP3NvYuk0qi9z7G4HimZkqqu2y7D1xu0Oii9jzns-hsD5IBtK2TLsug2QfndfziKKhlHk6Ehx5pZDcH95za_AVwcujE</recordid><startdate>20090901</startdate><enddate>20090901</enddate><creator>Johnson, M.C.</creator><creator>Devine, A.A.</creator><creator>Ellis, J.C.</creator><creator>Grunden, A.M.</creator><creator>Fellner, V.</creator><general>Elsevier Inc</general><general>American Dairy Science Association</general><general>Am Dairy Sci Assoc</general><general>Elsevier</general><scope>6I.</scope><scope>AAFTH</scope><scope>FBQ</scope><scope>IQODW</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>S0X</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20090901</creationdate><title>Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms</title><author>Johnson, M.C. ; Devine, A.A. ; Ellis, J.C. ; Grunden, A.M. ; Fellner, V.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c491t-27e7ddde14588f98a9901b92e81d0b7504062a57ec36879084a9b1b863fc36263</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2009</creationdate><topic>acetates</topic><topic>Ammonia - metabolism</topic><topic>Animal productions</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology</topic><topic>antibiotics</topic><topic>bacitracin</topic><topic>Bacteria - classification</topic><topic>Bacteria - drug effects</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biological and medical sciences</topic><topic>Bioreactors</topic><topic>Cattle</topic><topic>continuous culture</topic><topic>dietary fat</topic><topic>Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism</topic><topic>feed supplements</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Fermentation - drug effects</topic><topic>Food industries</topic><topic>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</topic><topic>gas production (biological)</topic><topic>Hydrogen-Ion Concentration</topic><topic>In Vitro Techniques</topic><topic>ionophore</topic><topic>ionophores</topic><topic>methane</topic><topic>Methane - metabolism</topic><topic>Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams</topic><topic>mixed culture</topic><topic>monensin</topic><topic>nutrient-drug interactions</topic><topic>propionates</topic><topic>Rumen - microbiology</topic><topic>rumen fermentation</topic><topic>rumen microbial diversity</topic><topic>rumen microorganisms</topic><topic>soybean oil</topic><topic>Soybean Oil - pharmacology</topic><topic>synergism</topic><topic>Terrestrial animal productions</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><topic>volatile fatty acids</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Johnson, M.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Devine, A.A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ellis, J.C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Grunden, A.M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Fellner, V.</creatorcontrib><collection>ScienceDirect Open Access Titles</collection><collection>Elsevier:ScienceDirect:Open Access</collection><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science &amp; Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Agricultural &amp; Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Proquest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health &amp; Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health &amp; Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>SIRS Editorial</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Johnson, M.C.</au><au>Devine, A.A.</au><au>Ellis, J.C.</au><au>Grunden, A.M.</au><au>Fellner, V.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms</atitle><jtitle>Journal of dairy science</jtitle><addtitle>J Dairy Sci</addtitle><date>2009-09-01</date><risdate>2009</risdate><volume>92</volume><issue>9</issue><spage>4467</spage><epage>4480</epage><pages>4467-4480</pages><issn>0022-0302</issn><eissn>1525-3198</eissn><coden>JDSCAE</coden><abstract>Ionophores and supplemental fat are fed to lactating cows to improve feed efficiency. Their effect on rumen fermentation is similar, but less is known about their impact on rumen microbes. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of monensin (M), bacitracin (B), and soybean oil (O) on microbial populations. Mixed cultures of rumen microbes were incubated in 5 dual-flow continuous fermentors and fed 13.8g of alfalfa hay pellets daily (DM basis) for 16 d. All fermentors were allowed to stabilize for 4 d. From d 5 to 10, two fermentors received O (5% of diet DM), one fermentor received M (22mg/kg), and one received B (22mg/kg). From d 11 to 16, the 2 fermentors receiving O also received either M (OM) or B (OB) and O was included in the fermentors receiving M (MO) and B (BO). One fermentor served as the control and received 100% alfalfa pellets throughout the experiment. Each run was replicated 3 times. Samples were taken at 2h after the morning feeding on d 4, 10, and 16 and were analyzed for bacterial populations using terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism. Volatile fatty acid concentration, methane production, and pH in the control cultures were not affected by time and remained similar during the entire experiment. The M and O treatments reduced molar concentration of acetate, increased concentration of propionate, and decreased methane production. Bacitracin did not alter acetate or propionate concentration, but reduced methane production. All 3 treatments (M, B, and O) altered the fragment patterns of microbial profiles. In contrast, treatments MO, OM, BO, and OB had little effect on culture fermentation despite differences in the patterns of microbial fragments. The terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism data suggest that microbial adaptation to the in vitro system in the control fermentor occurred within 4 d.</abstract><cop>New York, NY</cop><pub>Elsevier Inc</pub><pmid>19700708</pmid><doi>10.3168/jds.2008-1841</doi><tpages>14</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0022-0302
ispartof Journal of dairy science, 2009-09, Vol.92 (9), p.4467-4480
issn 0022-0302
1525-3198
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_734015493
source MEDLINE; Access via ScienceDirect (Elsevier); EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals
subjects acetates
Ammonia - metabolism
Animal productions
Animals
Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology
antibiotics
bacitracin
Bacteria - classification
Bacteria - drug effects
Biodiversity
Biological and medical sciences
Bioreactors
Cattle
continuous culture
dietary fat
Fatty Acids, Volatile - metabolism
feed supplements
Female
Fermentation - drug effects
Food industries
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gas production (biological)
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
In Vitro Techniques
ionophore
ionophores
methane
Methane - metabolism
Milk and cheese industries. Ice creams
mixed culture
monensin
nutrient-drug interactions
propionates
Rumen - microbiology
rumen fermentation
rumen microbial diversity
rumen microorganisms
soybean oil
Soybean Oil - pharmacology
synergism
Terrestrial animal productions
Vertebrates
volatile fatty acids
title Effects of antibiotics and oil on microbial profiles and fermentation in mixed cultures of ruminal microorganisms
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-24T17%3A12%3A46IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Effects%20of%20antibiotics%20and%20oil%20on%20microbial%20profiles%20and%20fermentation%20in%20mixed%20cultures%20of%20ruminal%20microorganisms&rft.jtitle=Journal%20of%20dairy%20science&rft.au=Johnson,%20M.C.&rft.date=2009-09-01&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4467&rft.epage=4480&rft.pages=4467-4480&rft.issn=0022-0302&rft.eissn=1525-3198&rft.coden=JDSCAE&rft_id=info:doi/10.3168/jds.2008-1841&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E1859618211%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=195861999&rft_id=info:pmid/19700708&rft_els_id=S0022030209707726&rfr_iscdi=true