Occurrence of bloodstream infection with different types of central vascular catheter in critically neonates

Summary Objective The aim of this research was to assess the incidence of CVC-associated/related to bloodstream infection (BSI) to different types of CVC, by classes of neonatal birth weight. Methods The research was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Uberlandia University Hospital from April/2006 through April/2008. The population analyzed comprised neonates who had at least one CVC placed for longer than 24 h, followed-up through epidemiologic vigilance “National Healthcare Safety Network”. Patients were followed daily from their entry into the study to their discharge or death. Results At birth, 50.7% of neonates had low weight (≤1500 g), 24.5% between 1501 and 2500 g and 24.8% over 2500 g. The highest density of CVC use (0.96) was found in neonates with birth weight ranging from 751 g to 1000 g. The incidence of CVC-associated/related to BSI was 13.0 and 2.1 per 1000 days CVC, respectively, and the higher representativeness in the weight group of 1501–2500 g (15.8) and ≤750 g (3.3), respectively. A higher proportion of CVC-associated to BSI was observed in PICC (6.0) than in the other CVCs ( P < 0.01). Coagulase negative Staphylococcus was the most common microorganism (39.7%) in BSI, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (24. 6%) and Gram-negative bacilli (19.2%). Conclusion Although neonates weighing less than 750 g comprise the group with lower representativeness at the unit (5.4%), they reveal the highest CVC related to BSI incidence rate (3.3/1000 days CVC).