Microcells for voltammetry and stripping voltammetry

The designs and applications of “non-flow” microcells in voltammetry and stripping voltammetry for samples with volumes from sub-microliters to 5 ml are reviewed. The analysis of microcell designs was carried out on the basis of their classification: (i) microcells with a static sample, including thin-layer microcells with a static sample; (ii) microcells with forced convection of the sample; and (iii) microcells for batch injection of samples. Two working electrode types (the usual state and inverted state) are discussed. The use of working micro- and mercury-film electrodes and of the accelerated removal of dissolved oxygen are also considered in detail.