Concurrent corticosteroid and phenanthrene transformation by filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans

A filamentous fungus Cunninghamella elegans IM 1785/21 Gp which displays ability of 17α,21-dihydroxy-4-pregnene-3,20-dione (cortexolone) 11-hydroxylation (yielding epihydrocortisone (eF) and hydrocortisone (F)) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) degradation, was used as a microbial eucaryotic model to study the relationships between mammalian steroid hydroxylation and PAHs metabolization. The obtained results showed faster transformation of phenanthrene in Sabouraud medium supplemented with steroid substrate (cortexolone). Simultaneously phenanthrene stimulated epihydrocortisone production from cortexolone. In phenanthrene presence the ratio between cortexolone hydroxylation products (hydrocortisone and epihydrocortisone) was changed from 1:5.1–6.2 to 1:7.6–8.4 in the culture without phenanthrene. Cytochrome P-450 content significantly increased after the culture supplementation by the second substrate, phenanthrene or cortexolone, adequately. To confirm the involvement of cytochrome P-450 in phenanthrene metabolism, the inhibition studies were performed. The cytochrome P-450 inhibitors SKF 525-A (1.5 mM) and 2-methyl-1,2-di-3-pyridyl-1-propanone (metyrapone) (2 mM) inhibited phenanthrene transformation by 80 and 62%, respectively. 1-Aminobenzotriazole (1 mM) completely blocked phenanthrene metabolism. The obtained results suggest a presence of connections between steroid hydroxylases and enzymes involved in PAH degradation in C. elegans.