Does donor race still make a difference in deceased-donor African-American renal allograft recipients?

Abstract Background Prior studies have demonstrated that African-American (AA) donor kidneys are independently associated with an increased risk for graft loss. Methods We examined outcomes in comparable groups of AA deceased-donor (DD) kidney transplant patients receiving an AA donor (n = 35) versus a Caucasian donor (C group; n = 150) organ. Results There were no differences between AA and C groups in patient survival, new-onset diabetes, or BK nephropathy. The AA group demonstrated a significantly higher 6-month and overall incidence of acute rejection (AR), increased cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, and decreased graft survival. Recurrent or de novo focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) accounted for a significantly higher fraction of graft losses in the AA versus C group. Conclusions AA DD renal allograft recipients have equivalent patient but decreased graft survival when transplanted with an AA versus C kidney using current immunosuppression. This may be the result of increased AR, CMV infection, and recurrence/development of FSGS.