Physiological changes in Lymnaea columella (Say, 1817) (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in response to Echinostoma paraensei Lie and Basch, 1967 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) infection

The physiological interaction between the digenean Echinostoma paraensei larvae and the intermediate snail host Lymnaea columella was studied. The carbohydrate content was significantly altered in the digestive gland tissue of snails, decreasing after 20 days postinfection. At the end of the prepatent period, the carbohydrate content was reduced by 60% when compared to uninfected snails. The total protein was reduced by 80.01% and 76.42% in the hemolymph and digestive gland, respectively. The end products resulting from nitrogen degradation were also analyzed. The urea was significantly increased in both the hemolymph and digestive gland. In the former, the highest concentration was detected at day 10 postinfection and then decreased until the end of the prepatent period. In digestive glands from infected snails, urea was significantly higher than in uninfected ones after 20 days. The uric acid content was reduced by 94.72% in the hemolymph and 43.75% in digestive glands after 10 days postinfection. The ammonia was undetectable under the experimental conditions employed.