Granulomatous Angiitis of the Central Nervous System: A Case with Recurrent Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Granulomatous angiitis of the central nervous system occurred in a 43-year-old male presenting with recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage confirmed by computed tomography. A surgical specimen obtained at hematoma removal revealed granulomatous angiitis. Systemic investigation found no underlying cause for the hemorrhage. Although the incidence is very low, this condition should be considered in cases of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage with unknown cause. When surgery is indicated, biopsy of the brain and leptomeninges should be obtained, because involvement of the leptomeninges has occurred in virtually all autopsy cases.