New Bone Formation in the Maxillary Sinus Using Only Absorbable Gelatin Sponge

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the predictability of new bone formation in the maxillary sinus using only absorbable gelatin as the graft material. Patients and Methods Seven patients (9 sinus augmentations) were consecutively treated with sinus floor elevation by the lateral window approach. The lateral bony window was created using a piezoelectric device and the schneiderian membrane was elevated to make a new compartment. After 18 resorbable blast media surfaced dental implants were simultaneously placed, absorbable gelatin sponges were loosely inserted to support the sinus membrane over the implant apex and the bony portion of lateral window was repositioned to seal the lateral window. Results After uncovering the implants an average of 6 months after placement, new bone consolidation in the maxillary sinus was observed on radiographs without bone graft. Two implants were removed due to failed osseointegration on uncovering. Failures were caused by insufficient initial stability. Conclusion This study suggests that placement of a dental implant in the maxillary sinus with a gelatin sponge can be a predictable procedure for sinus augmentation.