Impurity-Driven Cone Formation During Laser Sputtering of Graphite

Sputtering of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by 248-nanometer laser radiation was studied. Neutral carbon atoms and small clusters were ejected with significantly higher translational energies than were expected from a simple model of thermal vaporization in the absence of a potential bar...

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Veröffentlicht in:	Science (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 1993-03, Vol.259 (5101), p.1590-1592
Hauptverfasser:	Krajnovich, Douglas J., Vázquez, José E., Savoy, Richard J.
Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	eng
Schlagworte:	Air ionization Atoms Carbon Condensed matter: structure, mechanical and thermal properties Exact sciences and technology Graphite Impurities Laser beams Lasers Materials Physical radiation effects, radiation damage Physics Sputtering (Irradiation) Sputtering (Physics) Staircases Structure of solids and liquids crystallography Thermal conductivity Ultraviolet, visible, and infrared radiation effects (including laser radiation)
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Zusammenfassung:	Sputtering of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) by 248-nanometer laser radiation was studied. Neutral carbon atoms and small clusters were ejected with significantly higher translational energies than were expected from a simple model of thermal vaporization in the absence of a potential barrier. The HOPG also developed a remarkable surface morphology that consists of regular cones and domes. Cone formation appears to be initiated by trace metal impurities that serve as heat shunts in this highly anisotropic material.
ISSN:	0036-8075 1095-9203
DOI:	10.1126/science.259.5101.1590