Effects of a standardized oral fat load on vascular remodelling markers in healthy subjects

The most adequate way to experimentally reproduce the post-prandial lipemia condition appears to be the administration of a standardized oral fat load (OFL) to fasting patients. We studied the effects of a standardized OFL on markers of vascular remodelling in healthy subjects. We enrolled 286 Caucasians aged ≥ 18 of either sex. The OFL was given after a 12-h fast. Blood samples were drawn before and 3, 6, 9 and 12h after the fat load. The following parameters were evaluated: body mass index (BMI), blood glucose (BG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), lipid profile, nitrites and nitrates, adiponectin (ADP), metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) decrease was present in subjects after 6h. Triglycerides (Tg) change was observed after 6h. Nitrites/nitrates variation was observed after 6 and 9h during OFL. Adiponectin level was decreased after 6 and 9h during OFL. Both MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were higher after 6h during OFL. We observed that nitrites/nitrates and ADP significantly decreased and MMP-2 and MMP-9 significantly increased after a standardized OFL. Other studies need to confirm the direct acute effects of post-prandial lipemia on vascular damage.