fac-{Ru(CO)(3)}(2+) selectively targets the histidine residues of the beta-amyloid peptide 1-28. Implications for new Alzheimer's disease treatments based on ruthenium complexes

The reaction of the ruthenium(II) complex fac-[Ru(CO)(3)Cl(2)(N(1)-thz)] (I hereafter; thz = 1,3-thiazole) with human beta-amyloid peptide 1-28 (Abeta(28)) and the resulting {Ru(CO)(3)}(2+) peptide adduct was investigated by a variety of biophysical methods. (1)H NMR titrations highlighted a selective interaction of {Ru(CO)(3)}(2+) with Abeta(28) histidine residues; circular dichroism revealed the occurrence of a substantial conformational rearrangement of Abeta(28); electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) suggested a prevalent 1:1 metal/peptide stoichiometry and disclosed the nature of peptide-bound metallic fragments. Notably, very similar ESI-MS results were obtained when I was reacted with Abeta(42). The implications of the above findings for a possible use of ruthenium compounds in Alzheimer's disease are discussed.