Fermentation of Metroxylon sagu Resistant Starch Type III by Lactobacillus sp. and Bifidobacterium bifidum

The in vitro fermentability of sago (Metroxylon sagu) resistant starch type III (RS3) by selected probiotic bacteria was investigated. Sago RS3 with 12% RS content was prepared by enzymatic debranching of native sago starch with pullulanase enzyme, followed by autoclaving, cooling, and annealing. The fermentation of sago RS3 by L. acidophilus FTCC 0291, L. bulgaricus FTCC 0411, L. casei FTCC 0442, and B. bifidum BB12 was investigated by observing the bacterial growth, carbohydrate consumption profiles, pH changes, and total short chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced in the fermentation media. Comparisons were made with commercial fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS), Hi-maize 1043, and Hi-maize 240. Submerged fermentations were conducted in 30 mL glass vials for 24 h at 37 °C in an oven without shaking. The results indicated that fermentation of sago RS3 significantly (P < 0.05) yielded the highest count of Lactobacillus sp. accompanied by the largest reduction in pH of the medium. Sago RS3 was significantly the most consumed substrate compared to FOS and Hi-maizes.