Ultrasonographic and electrophysiological adjuncts to surgery within the brain stem: technical note

The surgical approach to intrinsic lesions within the brain stem is undertaken by the surgeon knowing the potential for significant operative morbidity. We report the use of real-time intraoperative ultrasound and electrophysiological mapping techniques to aid in the localization and resection of an intrinsic brain-stem tumor in a child. These techniques permitted an aggressive surgical approach without encountering adverse postoperative neurological sequelae.