The life cycle of Clinostomum complanatum rudolphi, 1814 (Digenea, Clinostomidae) on the floodplain of the high Paraná river, Brazil

The life cycle of the digenetic trematode Clinostomum complanatum was studied on the floodplain of the high Paraná river, Brazil. Sampling was done between June 1999 and June 2000. The mollusc Biomphalaria peregrina was the first intermediate host with a prevalence of infection of 0.75%. The fish Loricariichthys platymetopon, Hoplosternum littorale, Parauchenipterus galeatus, Hoplias malabaricus and Loricaria sp. were second intermediate hosts, with the prevalence varying from 2.45% ( H. malabaricus) to 60.8% ( L. platymetopon). The birds Ardea cocoi, Phalacrocorax brasilianus, Egretta alba and Egretta thula were definitive hosts, with the prevalence ranging between 5.5% ( E. thula) and 95% ( A. cocoi). The high prevalences in birds, especially in A. cocoi, suggest some kind of mechanism facilitating the predation of infected fish. The importance of the various hosts is discussed, and it is concluded that the floodplain of the high Paraná river has suitable conditions for the maintenance of the life cycle of C. complanatum.