Superior qualities of University of Wisconsin solution for ex vivo preservation of the pig heart

The components of the University of Wisconsin solution have the potential to enhance and extend heart preservation. We have evaluated University of Wisconsin solution by comparing it with St. Thomas’ Hospital cardioplegic solution in the isolated pig heart subjected to 8 hours of ischemia at 4° C (n = 6 in each). The hearts were perfused ex vivo with enriched autologous blood for the control and the postpreservation assessments. Morphologic, metabolic, and functional evaluations were performed. Left and right ventricular function as assessed by the slope values of systolic and diastolic pressure-volume relationships of isovolumically contracting isolated heart was better preserved by University of Wisconsin solution (percent reduction: left ventricular systolic, 52.4% ± 5.5% versus 17.7% ± 6.7% [p < 0.001]; right ventricular systolic, 125.6% ± 46.4% versus 65.5% ± 31.4% [p < 0.05]; right ventricular diastolic, 112.3% ± 48.7% versus 40.2% ± 31.3% [p < 0.02] after St. Thomas’ Hospital and University of Wisconsin preservation, respectively). Postischemic recovery of left ventricular rate of rise of pressure and myocardial oxygen consumption were significantly improved after University of Wisconsin preservation (percent reduction, rate of rise of pressure: St. Thomas’ Hospital 39.3% ± 8.1%; University of Wisconsin 18.1% ± 4.6%; percent reduction, myocardial oxygen consumption St. Thomas’ Hospital 55.1% ± 6.9%, University of Wisconsin 24.8% ± 6.7%; p < 0.001). Microvascular functional integrity as assessed by coronary vascular resistance was well maintained throughout the postischemic period and was similar to the preischemic control value in the University of Wisconsin group. By contrast, a significant increase was found at the beginning of postpreservation reperfusion, with a progressive rise thereafter in the St. Thomas’ Hospital group (p < 0.001). Preservation of myocardial adenosine triphosphate was improved and energy charge was unchanged after 8 hours of ischemia and reperfusion in the University of Wisconsin-preserved hearts compared with the St. Thomas’ Hospital-preserved hearts (p < 0.01). Electron microscopic examination revealed substantially better preservation of the contractile apparatus after preservation with University of Wisconsin solution. Myocytes from hearts receiving University of Wisconsin solution, unlike those given St. Thomas’ Hospital solution, showed relaxed myofibrils with prominent I-bands. We conclude that University of Wisconsin