Ultrasonographic patterns of fetal breathing movements in normal pregnancy
Objective: To assess through pregnancy fetal breathing movements (FBMs) patterns detected by M-mode and Doppler velocimetry technology. Methods: In this cross-sectional study FBMs were investigated in 1882 uncomplicated pregnancies over a 4-year period. Abdominal and thoracic wall movements of fetus...
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Veröffentlicht in: | International journal of gynecology and obstetrics 2003-03, Vol.80 (3), p.285-290 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | Objective: To assess through pregnancy fetal breathing movements (FBMs) patterns detected by M-mode and Doppler velocimetry technology.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study FBMs were investigated in 1882 uncomplicated pregnancies over a 4-year period. Abdominal and thoracic wall movements of fetuses between 14 and 40 weeks of gestation were studied by M-Mode scan, and color Doppler velocimetry with spectral imaging analysis was used to investigate the presence of FBMs associated with nasal fluid flow velocity waveforms (NFFVWs).
Results: Abdominal movements were observed in 19% of cases when gestation was less than 20 weeks and in 61% of cases when it was between 21 and 25 weeks; chest movements were significant after 21 weeks; and NFFVWs were detected at 22 weeks and increased progressively to 93% of cases at term.
Conclusions: Fetal breathing movements are a complex phenomenon with a composite, progressive pattern of development during gestation. |
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ISSN: | 0020-7292 1879-3479 |
DOI: | 10.1016/S0020-7292(02)00384-3 |