Cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone nanoparticles: a potential carrier for hydrophilic drugs

Injectable hydrogel polymeric nanoparticles of polyvinylpyrrolidone cross-linked with N, N′-methylene bis-acrylamide and encapsulating water-soluble macromolecules such as FITC–dextran (FITC–Dx) have been prepared in the aqueous cores of reverse micellar droplets. These particles are 100 nm and below in diameter with a narrow size distribution. When dispersed in aqueous buffer these particles appear to be transparent and give an optically clear solution. Lyophilized powder of these nanoparticles is redispersable in aqueous buffer without any change in the size and morphology of the particles. The efficiency of FITC–Dx entrapment by these nanoparticles is high (>70%) and depends on the amount of cross-linking agent present in the polymeric material. The release of the entrapped molecules from these nanoparticles depends on the degree of cross-linking of the polymer, particle size, pH of the medium, and extent of loading, as well as temperature.