A National Survey of Older Smokers: Treatment Needs of a Growing Population

Examined smoking and quitting patterns among 289 smokers ages 50 to 74 years who took part in a nationwide survey of American Association of Retired Persons members. Respondents were predominantly chronic, heavy smokers. They had smoked for an average of 45 years, more than one third smoked 25 or more cigarettes per day, and more than two thirds showed evidence of high nicotine addiction. Nonetheless, most were interested in quitting smoking and reported plans to quit in the next year. Concerns about missing or craving cigarettes; losing a pleasure; and being nervous, tense, or irritable after quitting were the most common barriers to quitting reported. These problems were rated as more serious by heavier, longer term smokers and by smokers with lower quitting self-efficacy. The variables most strongly associated with "contemplating" quitting were beliefs in quitting health benefits, recent attempts to quit or cut down, prior attempts to quit, and high self-efficacy. Limitations of these findings are discussed along with implications for the design of treatments geared to the special needs of older smokers. Key words: older smokers, smoking patterns, barriers to quitting, stages of change, self-efficacy