The Effectiveness of Systemic Antibiotics in Preventing Postoperative, Intraabdominal Adhesions in an Animal Model

Objective. Postoperative intraabdominal adhesions can be prevented by antibiotic lavage. We assessed whether systemic antibiotics could prevent adhesion formation in a rat model. Methods. Cecal abrasion was performed in the peritoneal cavities of 40 Wistar albino rats. Twenty rats were treated with a 5-day course of cefepim and metronidazole; the remaining animals were given saline injections. The animals were sacrificed 14 days after surgery. Adhesion severity scores and histopathologic findings were compared. Results. The median adhesion severity score was 2 (0–3) in the antibiotic group and 2.5 (1–4) in the controls (P = 0.03). In tissue specimens from controls, the adhesions were marked by mature collagen bundles. In treated rats, the adhesions were immature, characterized by early inflammatory cells, less collagen formation, and no collagen bundles. Conclusion. Postoperative systemic antibiotics slow adhesion formation and reduce the severity of the adhesions.