Doctors' involvement in human rights abuses of men who have sex with men in Egypt

Of particular concern is the alleged medical involvement in this torture. In a situation of "dual loyalty"-with simultaneous obligations to the patient and the state-doctors seem to use their medical skills to inflict harm on detainees in support of an oppressive state ideology.2 Men detained for "debauchery" are referred to doctors working for the Forensic Medical Authority, an arm of Egypt's Ministry of Justice. Interviews with several of these doctors suggested that they put the ideological interests of the state above their ethical obligations.