Streptococcal antigen I/II binds to extracellular proteins through intermolecular β-sheets

One of the functions associated with the oral streptococcal surface protein I/II is to bind to human extracellular matrix molecules or blood components, which could act as opportunistic ligands in pathological circumstances. In order to understand the relative specificity of the binding repertoire of this bacterial adhesin, we examined by infrared measurements the mode of binding of the protein I/II from Streptococcus mutans OMZ175 (I/IIf) to fibronectin and fibrinogen. This approach revealed the β-structure forming capacity of I/IIf upon interaction with both proteins. The forming of intermolecular β-structures may provide a non-selective way of interaction between I/IIf and its possible targets.