Regulation of Neurotransmitter Release by Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors
: The G protein‐coupled metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors are differentially localized at various synapses throughout the brain. Depending on the receptor subtype, they appear to be localized at presynaptic and/or postsynaptic sites, including glial as well as neuronal elements. The heterogene...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of neurochemistry 2000-09, Vol.75 (3), p.889-907 |
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Format: | Artikel |
Sprache: | eng |
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Zusammenfassung: | : The G protein‐coupled metabotropic glutamate (mGlu)
receptors are differentially localized at various synapses throughout the
brain. Depending on the receptor subtype, they appear to be localized at
presynaptic and/or postsynaptic sites, including glial as well as neuronal
elements. The heterogeneous distribution of these receptors on glutamate and
nonglutamate neurons/cells thus allows modulation of synaptic transmission by
a number of different mechanisms. Electrophysiological studies have
demonstrated that the activation of mGlu receptors can modulate the activity
of Ca2+ or K+ channels, or interfere with release
processes downstream of Ca2+ entry, and consequently regulate neuronal synaptic activity. Such changes evoked by mGlu receptors can ultimately regulate transmitter release at both glutamatergic and nonglutamatergic synapses. Increasing neurochemical evidence has emerged, obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies, showing modulation of the release of a variety of transmitters by mGlu receptors. This review addresses the neurochemical evidence for mGlu receptor‐mediated regulation of neurotransmitters, such as excitatory and inhibitory amino acids, monoamines, and neuropeptides. |
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ISSN: | 0022-3042 1471-4159 |
DOI: | 10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0750889.x |