Genes regulating the serotonin metabolic pathway in the brain stem and their role in the etiopathogenesis of the sudden infant death syndrome

Genotypes and allelic frequencies of TPH2, 5-HTTLPR, the 5-HTT ( SLC6A4) intron 2 variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) region, and the MAOA VNTR region were determined in brain-stem samples of 20 “genuine” SIDS cases and compared with results obtained from 150 healthy controls. The SNP G1463A respon...

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Veröffentlicht in:Genomics (San Diego, Calif.) Calif.), 2008-06, Vol.91 (6), p.485-491
Hauptverfasser: Nonnis Marzano, Francesco, Maldini, Milena, Filonzi, Laura, Lavezzi, Anna Maria, Parmigiani, Stefano, Magnani, Cinzia, Bevilacqua, Giulio, Matturri, Luigi
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Sprache:eng
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Zusammenfassung:Genotypes and allelic frequencies of TPH2, 5-HTTLPR, the 5-HTT ( SLC6A4) intron 2 variable-number tandem repeat (VNTR) region, and the MAOA VNTR region were determined in brain-stem samples of 20 “genuine” SIDS cases and compared with results obtained from 150 healthy controls. The SNP G1463A responsible for 80% functionality loss of TPH2 (tryptophan hydroxylase 2) was not detected, neither in SIDS infants nor in the controls. In contrast, a strict relation was found between the 5-HTTLPR genotype and its allelic frequencies with SIDS cases. The L/L genotype and the long allele (L) of the promoter region of the serotonin transporter were significantly associated (likelihood ratio (LR) test, p < 0.001) with the syndrome (L/L, 60% SIDS vs 14% controls; L, 80% SIDS vs 42.6% controls). Polymorphisms of the intron 2 VNTR of the same gene showed a trend for significant differences between genotypes 10/10 and 12/12 (LR test, p = 0.068), with the L-12 haplotype being almost twofold in SIDS (44.5%) with respect to controls (23.4%). Differences were even higher considering the genotype combination L/L-12/12 (20% SIDS vs 2.6%), and variations among categories were statistically highly significant ( p < 0.001). Although additional differences were observed in the frequency of the MAOA (monoamine oxidase A) VNTR genotype 3R/3R between SIDS and controls (respectively 15% vs 26%), the results were not supported by statistical significance. Molecular polymorphisms are discussed considering their functional role in regulating serotonin synthesis ( TPH2), neuronal reuptake ( 5-HTTLPR and 5-HTT intron 2), and catabolism ( MAOA) in the nervous system of Italian SIDS infants. Comparisons are made with previous data obtained in different ethnic groups.
ISSN:0888-7543
1089-8646
DOI:10.1016/j.ygeno.2008.01.010