Renal insufficiency and subsequent death resulting from cardiovascular disease in the United States

Several epidemiologic studies reported that persons with renal insufficiency might have increased cardiovascular disease-related mortality rates in select populations. The association between renal insufficiency and increased cardiovascular disease-related and all-cause mortality rates during 16 yr of follow-up monitoring was examined among participants who were 30 to 74 yr of age at the baseline examinations in 1976 to 1980, with urinary protein dipstick measurements (n = 8786) or serum creatinine levels of or=90, 70 to 89, and or=300 mg/dl, respectively, compared with or=90 ml/min, those with estimated GFR of