A Bimodal Modulation of the cAMP Pathway Is Involved in the Control of Myogenic Differentiation in L6 Cells

We have previously shown that myogenesis induction by Arg8-vasopressin (AVP) in L6 rat myoblasts involves a sustained stimulation of type 4 cAMP-phosphodiesterase. In this model, we observed that a transient cAMP generation occurs in the minutes following AVP addition. Evidence suggests that cAMP generation is due to the prostaglandins produced in response to AVP binding to V1a receptors and subsequent activation of phospholipase A2. The early cAMP increase was effective in activating cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and increasing phosphorylation of CREB transcription factor. Inhibition of PKA by compound H89 prior to AVP addition led to a significant reduction of expression of the differentiation marker creatine kinase, whereas H89 added 1-5 h after AVP had no significant effect. Furthermore, PKA inhibition 24 h after the beginning of AVP treatment potentiated differentiation. This shows that both an early activation and a later down-regulation of the cAMP pathway are required for AVP induction of myogenesis. Because phosphodiesterase PDE4D3 overexpressed in L6 cells lost its ability to potentiate AVP-induced differentiation when mutated and rendered insensitive to PKA phosphorylation and activation, we hypothesize that the early cAMP increase is required to trigger the down-regulation of cAMP pathway through stimulation of phosphodiesterase.